Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *ayes-

Meaning: metal, ore (copper, magnetic)

Old Indian: áyas- n. `iron, metal'

Avestan: ayaŋh- n. 'Metall, Eisen'

Germanic: *aiz-a- n.; *ī́sarn-a-, *īzarn-a- n.; *aiz-ug-a-z m.

Latin: aes, gen. aeris n. `Erz, Bronze, Kupfer, Geld'

Other Italic: Umbr ahesnes `aenis'

Celtic: *īsarno-: Gaul pl.Isarnodori gl. `ferrei ostii'; Isarnum; OIr iarnn; OBret Iserninus (Männername); Cymr hayarn, Corn hoern

Russ. meaning: металл, руда (медная, железная)

References: WP I 4

Proto-IE: *Ayǝk'-

Meaning: clear, light

Old Indian: yáśas- n. `beautiful appearance, beauty, splendour, worth'

Slavic: *ēsъ `блеск', *ēsnъ(ji), *ēskrāvъ(jь), *ēskā etc. *jьskrā

Baltic: *aîč-k-u- adj., *ī̂č-k-u- adj., *ič-k-ja- adj., *aîč-k-t-u- adj., *aĩč-k-t-iā̃ f.

Russ. meaning: ясный, светлый

References: WP I 2

Proto-IE: *ayǝs- <PIH *a->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to look for

Hittite: isijahh- (I) 'anzeigen, ankündigen' (fact.) (Tischler 395-396 with criticism)

Old Indian: eṣati, -te `to seek, search', iccháti `to strive, seek for, desire, wish', iṣyate `to be wished or liked', éṣa- `seeking', m. `act of seeking or going after', eṣá- m. `wish, option'; is-̣ (in comp.) `seeking for'; ī̆ṣma- m. `name of Kāmadeva, god of love'

Avestan: išaiti `sucht'; isaiti (*is-sk'ō); iš (2. Zs.-Glied) `suchend, strebend nach', f. `Wunsch, Gegenstand des Wunsches'

Armenian: aich `Untersuchung'

Old Greek: hī́mero-s m. `Sehnsucht, Liebessehnsucht, Liebe', hīméi̯rō `sich sehnen, verlangen''

Slavic: *jīskātī; *jīskā `Wunsch'

Baltic: *eîšk-ā̂- (1) vb.

Germanic: *aisk-ō- vb., *aisk=

Latin: aeruscāre `betteln, bitten'

Other Italic: Umbr eiscurent `arcessierint'

Russ. meaning: искать

References: WP I 12 f

Proto-IE: *ayn-

Meaning: to fall upon

Old Indian: inóti, imp. inuhí, ptc. -inita- `to advance upon, press upon, drive, use force'; énas- n. `mischief, crime, sin, offence'; iná- `able, strong, energetic', m. `lord, master'; ??? īti- f. `plague, distress, calamity'

Avestan: inaoiti, inf. aēnaŋhe `vergewaltigen, kränken', ainita < *an-inita `nicht vergewältigt, nicht krank'; aēnah- n. `Gewalttat, Frevel', m. Übeltäter'; intay- `Verwaltigung, Kränkung; Qual'

Old Greek: ai̯nó- `schrecklich'

Russ. meaning: наброситься

References: WP I 1 f

Proto-IE: *āg'h-

Meaning: aspiration, striving

Avestan: āzi-š m. `Begierde'; āza-š m. `Streben, Eifer'

Other Iranian: NPers az `id.'

Old Greek: ǟkhḗn, -ē̂nos m. `arm, dürftig', pl. ǟkhē̂n-es <ēkhē̂nes> `kenoí, ptōkhoí' (Hsch.)

Russ. meaning: стремление, желание

References: WP I 40 f

Proto-IE: *āl-

Meaning: a plant with edible tuber

Old Indian: ālu- n. `an esculent root, Arum Campanulatum', āluka- n. `the esculent root of Amorphophallus Campanulatus', ā́ruka- `the fruit of a medicinal plant growing on the Himālaya mountains'

Latin: ālum, -ī n., ālus, -ī f. `Symphytum petraeum; Symphytum brochum, knolliger Beinwell, Wallwurz'; ālium, -ī n. `Knoblauch, Alium sativum L.'

Other Italic: Osk *allō `Knoblauch, Alium sativum L.'

Russ. meaning: растение (со съедобным клубнем)

References: WP I 90 f

Proto-IE: *ān-

Meaning: face, mouth; to notice

Old Indian: āná- m., ānana- n. `face, mouth'

Old Greek: prǟnḗs `vorwärts geneigt, kopfüber, abschüssig, steil', pros-ǟnḗs `freundlich', ap-ǟnḗs `unfreundlich, hart'

Germanic: *unnan- (*anna-) (<*un-z-, *an-z-) vb., *ans-t-i- c., *uns-t=

Russ. meaning: лицо, рот; обращать внимание

References: WP I 68

Proto-IE: *āp[e]-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: ill, weak

Old Indian: apvā́ f. `name of a disease (got in danger)'

Avestan: afša- m. `Schaden, Unheil', afšman- n. `Schaden, Nachteil'

Old Greek: [ǟ]pedanó- `schwach, hinfällig, gebrechlich', [ǟ́]pio- 'freundlich, wohlgesinnt, gnädig, mild'

Baltic: *ā̂p-u- adj., *ā̂p-ā̂ f.

Russ. meaning: больной, слабый

References: WP I 47

Comments: Compared with Tokh B apsāl n. 'sword' (Adams 17 - ?)

Proto-IE: *ār- <PIH -*rH->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: open place, space

Hittite: arha- c. 'Grenze, Gebiet; Ufer (des Meeres), arha (Adv.) 'hinaus, fort', Lyd. aara- 'Hof, ländl. Besitz' (with doubts Tischler 55-56)

Old Indian: āré `far (from)', ārā́t `from a distant place'

Baltic: *ā̂r-ā̂ (2) f., *ā̂r-a- (2) c., *ār-u- adj.

Latin: ārea f. `freier Platz, Bauplatz; Dreschtenne, Hofraum, Rennbahn, Gartenbeet, Gottesacker, Glatze'

Russ. meaning: свободое, открытое место, просторы

References: WP I 79

Proto-IE: *ār- <PIH *HaHr->

Meaning: kidney, lung

Hittite: hahri- c./n. 'Lunge' (Tischler 124 without etymology)

Tokharian: A āriñc, B arañce 'heart' (PT *āräñce)

Latin: rien, rēn (pl. rēnēs) 'kidney'

Celtic: *āren : OIr. āru (g. ārann) 'kidney, gland', W. arenn (pl. eirin) 'kidney, testicle'

Russ. meaning: почка, легкое

References: Adams 21-22.

Proto-IE: *āt- (-th-) <PIH *H->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: fire (open)

Hittite: hat- (II,I) 'vertrocknen' (Tischler 213)

Old Indian: átharvan- `a priest who has to do with fire and Soma' (< Iran?)

Avestan: ātar-š, gen. āɵrō m. `Feuer'

Other Iranian: NPers āδar `Feuer'; Rushan aɵēr `ashes', Jagnob āl; Osset art

Armenian: ? airem `verbrenne, zünde an'

Slavic: ? *vā́trā `костер, открытый огонь' (карпатск., ср. Alb)

Celtic: *āti-: Ir āith, gen. ātho f., Cymr odyn f. `Ofen'

Albanian: ? tosk. votǝr, geg. votrǝ `Feuer' - cf. Slav

Russ. meaning: огонь (открытый)

References: WP I 42

Comments: ? Ital: Lat āter, ātra `(tief)schwarz, dunkel, finster, unheilvoll'; Umbr pl. n. atru, adro `atra'

Proto-IE: *āw- <PIH *ā->

Meaning: to note, to listen

Hittite: au(s)-/u(wa)- (II,I) 'sehen, erblicken; lesen' (Tischler 95ff)

Old Indian: āvís adv. `before the eyes, openly, evidently'

Avestan: āviš adv. `offenbar, vor Augen'

Old Greek: ai̯sthánomai̯ (und áisthomai̯), aor. ai̯sthésthai̯ `empfinden, wahrnehmen, bemerken', en-ǟéo- `wohlwollend, mild'; aíō `wahrnehmen, hören', 3 sg. áei = akoúei̯, ipv. 2 pl. áete = akoúsate (Hsch.)

Slavic: *āvītī, *āvē; *ūmъ, *ūmḗtī

Baltic: *au-mō̃ (-men-es), *ā-mō̃ (-men-es)

Latin: audiō, -īre `höre, höre an, vernehme'

Russ. meaning: замечать, слушать

References: WP I 17 f

Comments: [Rather difficult to distinguish from *awǝ- `long, wish']

Proto-IE: *bak(')-

Meaning: pointed stick, peg

Old Greek: báktro-n n. `Stock, Knüppel', baktēríǟ f. `Stock, Stab, Szepter (als Wahrzeichen der Richter)'

Germanic: *pig=

Latin: baculum, -ī n. `Stab, Stock', dem. bacillum

Celtic: OIr bacc, Ir bac `Haken, Krummstab'; Cymr bach `Haken', Bret bac'h `Hacke, Stab'

Russ. meaning: острая палочка, колышек

References: WP II 104 f

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